Acta Metrologica Sinica
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Review Determination of the Elementary Charge e
LIU Min,PENG Ming
Beijing Orient Institute of Metrology and Test, Beijing 100086, China
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Abstract  The history of measuring electric charge and electromagnetic unit system was reviewed, and the signification that the elementary charge become member of International System of Unit was interpreted. The Coulombs law and Amperes law were two bridges to link mechanics and electromagnetism. Along with these two formulae, the electrostatic and the electromagnetic absolute unit systems were respectively grown up. The comer of the practical unit systems brought electromagnetism to have its own individual unit system, and chose current as basic quantity and fixed vacuum permeability, aimed at electromagnetic power to be equivalent mechanic power. The Millikans oil-drop is the only experiment to measure elementary charge value. Because of the low accuracy, the metrological standard system of electric charge have not been appeared. To define the value of elementary charge did not depend on the two constants of Josephsons KJ and von Klitzings RK, but came from the formula of fine structure constant, after the value of Planck constant was fixed. The role of vacuum permeability changed thoroughly after the elementary charge fixed, it had become a balance between two unit systems of electromagnetism and mechanics in the Amperes law.
Key wordsmetrology      elementary charge      SI      CGSE      CGSM      MKSA      Millikans oil-drop experiment      Planck constant      fine structure constant      vacuum permeability     
PACS:  TB97  
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LIU Min
PENG Ming
Cite this article:   
LIU Min,PENG Ming. Review Determination of the Elementary Charge e[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41(3): 322-327.
URL:  
http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2020.03.10     OR     http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/EN/Y2020/V41/I3/322
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